out_ferc1__yearly_all_plants

package: pudl

Annual time series of plants reported in the steam, small generators, hydro, and pumped storage tables.

Most-recent data:

2025

Processing:

Data has been expanded into a wide/denormalized format, with IDs and codes accompanied by human-readable names and descriptions.

Source:

FERC Form 1 -- Annual Report of Major Electric Utilities (Schedules 402, 404, 406 and 408)

Primary key:

record_id

Usage Warnings

  • Not all columns are originally reported in all of the input plant tables. Expect nulls.

  • FERC does not restrict respondents to report unique and non-duplicative plant records. There are sporadic instances of respondents reporting portions of plants and then the total plant (ex: unit 1, unit 2 and total). Use caution when aggregating.

  • FERC data is notoriously difficult to extract cleanly, and often contains free-form strings, non-labeled total rows and lack of IDs. See Notable Irregularities for details.

Additional Details

This table is a concatenation of the following plant tables:

  • core_ferc1__yearly_steam_plants_sched402

  • core_ferc1__yearly_hydroelectric_plants_sched406

  • core_ferc1__yearly_small_plants_sched410

  • core_ferc1__yearly_pumped_storage_plants_sched408

Columns
report_year

Four-digit year in which the data was reported.

utility_id_ferc1

PUDL-assigned utility ID, identifying a FERC1 utility. This is an auto-incremented ID and is not expected to be stable from year to year.

utility_id_ferc1_dbf

FERC-assigned respondent_id from DBF reporting years, identifying the reporting entity. Stable from year to year.

utility_id_ferc1_xbrl

FERC-assigned entity_id from XBRL reporting years, identifying the reporting entity. Stable from year to year.

utility_id_pudl

A manually assigned PUDL utility ID. May not be stable over time.

utility_name_ferc1

Name of the responding utility, as it is reported in FERC Form 1. For human readability only.

plant_id_pudl

A manually assigned PUDL plant ID. May not be constant over time.

plant_id_ferc1

Algorithmically assigned PUDL FERC Plant ID. WARNING: NOT STABLE BETWEEN PUDL DB INITIALIZATIONS.

plant_name_ferc1

Name of the plant, as reported to FERC. This is a freeform string, not guaranteed to be consistent across references to the same plant.

asset_retirement_cost

Asset retirement cost (USD).

avg_num_employees

The average number of employees assigned to each plant.

capacity_factor

Fraction of potential generation that was actually reported for a plant part. Energy generated over time period / nameplate capacity * time period (hours/years/etc.).

capacity_mw

Total installed (nameplate) capacity, in megawatts.

capex_annual_addition

Annual capital addition into capex_total.

capex_annual_addition_rolling

Year-to-date capital addition into capex_total.

capex_annual_per_kw

Annual capital addition into capex_total per kw.

capex_annual_per_mw

Annual capital addition into capex_total per MW.

capex_annual_per_mw_rolling

Year-to-date capital addition into capex_total per MW.

capex_annual_per_mwh

Annual capital addition into capex_total per MWh.

capex_annual_per_mwh_rolling

Year-to-date capital addition into capex_total per MWh.

capex_equipment

Cost of plant: equipment (USD).

capex_land

Cost of plant: land and land rights (USD).

capex_per_mw

Cost of plant per megawatt of installed (nameplate) capacity. Nominal USD.

capex_structures

Cost of plant: structures and improvements (USD).

capex_total

Total cost of plant (USD).

capex_wo_retirement_total

Total cost of plant (USD) without retirements.

construction_type

Type of plant construction ('outdoor', 'semioutdoor', or 'conventional'). Categorized by PUDL based on our best guess of intended value in FERC1 freeform strings.

construction_year

Year the plant's oldest still operational unit was built.

installation_year

Year the plant's most recently built unit was installed.

net_generation_mwh

Net electricity generation for the specified period in megawatt-hours (MWh).

not_water_limited_capacity_mw

Plant capacity in MW when not limited by condenser water.

opex_allowances

Allowances.

opex_boiler

Maintenance of boiler (or reactor) plant.

opex_coolants

Cost of coolants and water (nuclear plants only)

opex_electric

Production expenses: electric expenses (USD).

opex_engineering

Production expenses: maintenance, supervision, and engineering (USD).

opex_fuel

Production expenses: fuel (USD).

fuel_cost_per_mwh

Derived from MCOE, a unit level value. Average fuel cost per MWh of heat content in nominal USD.

opex_misc_power

Miscellaneous steam (or nuclear) expenses.

opex_misc_steam

Maintenance of miscellaneous steam (or nuclear) plant.

opex_nonfuel_per_mwh

Investments in non-fuel production expenses per Mwh.

opex_operations

Production expenses: operations, supervision, and engineering (USD).

opex_per_mwh

Total production expenses (USD per MWh generated).

opex_plant

Production expenses: maintenance of electric plant (USD).

opex_production_total

Total operating expenses.

opex_rents

Production expenses: rents (USD).

opex_steam

Steam expenses.

opex_steam_other

Steam from other sources.

opex_structures

Production expenses: maintenance of structures (USD).

opex_total_nonfuel

Total production expenses, excluding fuel (USD).

opex_transfer

Steam transferred (Credit).

peak_demand_mw

Net peak demand for 60 minutes. Note: in some cases peak demand for other time periods may have been reported instead, if hourly peak demand was unavailable.

plant_capability_mw

Net plant capability in megawatts.

plant_hours_connected_while_generating

Hours the plant was connected to load while generating in the report year.

plant_type

Type of plant.

record_id

Identifier indicating original FERC Form 1 source record. format: {table_name}_{report_year}_{report_prd}_{respondent_id}_{spplmnt_num}_{row_number}. Unique within FERC Form 1 DB tables which are not row-mapped.

water_limited_capacity_mw

Plant capacity in MW when limited by condenser water.

fuel_cost_per_mmbtu

Average fuel cost per MMBTU of heat content in nominal USD.

fuel_type

Type of fuel.

license_id_ferc1

FERC issued operating license ID for the facility, if available. This value is extracted from the original plant name where possible.

opex_maintenance

Production expenses: Maintenance (USD).

opex_total

Total production expenses, excluding fuel (USD).

capex_facilities

Cost of plant: reservoirs, dams, and waterways (USD).

capex_roads

Cost of plant: roads, railroads, and bridges (USD).

net_capacity_adverse_conditions_mw

Net plant capability under the least favorable operating conditions, in megawatts.

net_capacity_favorable_conditions_mw

Net plant capability under the most favorable operating conditions, in megawatts.

opex_dams

Production expenses: maintenance of reservoirs, dams, and waterways (USD).

opex_generation_misc

Production expenses: miscellaneous power generation expenses (USD).

opex_hydraulic

Production expenses: hydraulic expenses (USD).

opex_misc_plant

Production expenses: maintenance of miscellaneous hydraulic plant (USD).

opex_water_for_power

Production expenses: water for power (USD).

ferc_license_id

The FERC license ID of a project.

capex_equipment_electric

Cost of plant: accessory electric equipment (USD).

capex_equipment_misc

Cost of plant: miscellaneous power plant equipment (USD).

capex_wheels_turbines_generators

Cost of plant: water wheels, turbines, and generators (USD).

energy_used_for_pumping_mwh

Energy used for pumping, in megawatt-hours.

net_load_mwh

Net output for load (net generation - energy used for pumping) in megawatt-hours.

opex_production_before_pumping

Total production expenses before pumping (USD).

opex_pumped_storage

Production expenses: pumped storage (USD).

opex_pumping

Production expenses: We are here to PUMP YOU UP! (USD).