out_eia__yearly_generators
Annual time series of all generator attributes including calculated capacity factor, heat rate, fuel cost per MMBTU and fuel cost per MWh.
- Most-recent data:
2026
- Processing:
Data has been expanded into a wide/denormalized format, with IDs and codes accompanied by human-readable names and descriptions.
- Source:
EIA -- Mix of multiple EIA Forms
- Primary key:
report_date, plant_id_eia, generator_id
Usage Warnings
Contains estimated values.
Due to coverage problems in other tables, some generators have heat rate estimates but not fuel cost estimates.
Not all columns are originally reported in or calculable from the input tables. Expect nulls.
Data has been drawn from several EIA sources which are not always consistent with each other, and PUDL chooses the most consistent or relevant value to facilitate cross-referencing even if that means some values will differ from the raw sources. See Harvesting for details, and see Entity Resolution Methodology for a fuller conceptual overview.
Contains information from multiple raw inputs.
Additional Details
This table includes all yearly attributes for all generators reported to EIA-860 and EIA-923.
To provide a complete picture of generator data, this table compiles data from many different EIA tables, including directly reported, imputed and calculated columns. We suggest using this table if you want to explore yearly attributes about generators and would rather use a more complete and denormalized table. If you are more interested in the originally reported values, we recommend searching for core_eia with the column you are most interested in.
The calculations of capacity factor, heat rate, fuel cost per MMBTU and fuel cost per MWh are based on the allocation of net generation reported on the basis of plant, prime mover and energy source to individual generators - which comes from this table: out_eia923__yearly_generation_fuel_by_generator.
Heat rates by generator-yearly are estimated by using allocated estimates for per-generator net generation and fuel consumption as well as the core_eia923__monthly_boiler_fuel table, which reports fuel consumed by boiler. Heat rates are necessary to estimate the amount of fuel consumed by a generation unit, and thus the fuel cost per MWh generated.
Plant specific fuel prices are taken from the core_eia923__fuel_receipts_costs table, which only has ~70% coverage, leading to some generators with heat rate estimates still lacking fuel cost estimates.
This table inherits canonicalized values for generators, plants, and utilities. EIA reports many attributes in many different tables across EIA-860 and EIA-923. In order to compile tidy, well-normalized database tables, PUDL collects all instances of these values and and chooses a canonical value. By default, PUDL chooses the most consistently reported value of a given attribute as long as it is at least 70% of the given instances reported. If an attribute was reported inconsistently across the original EIA tables, then it will show up as a null value. See /methodology/entity_resolution for a conceptual overview of this process.
Columns
The unique six-digit facility identification number, also called an ORISPL, assigned by the Energy Information Administration.
Generator ID is usually numeric, but sometimes includes letters. Make sure you treat it as a string!
Date reported.
Dynamically assigned PUDL unit id. WARNING: This ID is not guaranteed to be static long term as the input data and algorithm may evolve over time.
A manually assigned PUDL plant ID. May not be constant over time.
Plant name.
The EIA Utility Identification number.
A manually assigned PUDL utility ID. May not be stable over time.
The name of the utility.
EIA short code identifying a balancing authority. May include Canadian and Mexican BAs.
Name of the balancing authority.
High level description of the technology used by the generator to produce electricity.
The code representing the most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator.
Code for the type of prime mover (e.g. CT, CG)
Date the generator began commercial operation. If harvested values are inconsistent, we default to using the most recently reported date.
Date of the scheduled or effected retirement of the generator.
The operating status of the asset. For generators this is based on which tab the generator was listed in in EIA 860.
Total installed (nameplate) capacity, in megawatts.
Simplified fuel type code used in PUDL
Planned effective date of the scheduled retirement of the generator.
Fraction of potential generation that was actually reported for a plant part. Energy generated over time period / nameplate capacity * time period (hours/years/etc.).
Indicates the source of the values in the fuel_cost_per_mmbtu column. The fuel cost either comes directly from the EIA forms (original), was filled in from the EIA's API using state-level averages (eiaapi), was filled in using a rolling average (rolling_avg) or When the records get aggregated together and contain multiple sources (mixed).
Average fuel cost per MMBTU of heat content in nominal USD.
Derived from MCOE, a unit level value. Average fuel cost per MWh of heat content in nominal USD.
Fuel content per unit of electricity generated. Coming from MCOE calculation.
Net electricity generation for the specified period in megawatt-hours (MWh).
Total annual reported fuel costs for the plant part. Includes costs from all fuels.
Total annual heat content of fuel consumed by a plant part record in the plant parts list.
Indicates whether the generator is associated with a combined heat and power system
The source from where the unit_id_pudl is compiled. The unit_id_pudl comes directly from EIA 860, or string association (which looks at all the boilers and generators that are not associated with a unit and tries to find a matching string in the respective collection of boilers or generator), or from a unit connection (where the unit_id_eia is employed to find additional boiler generator connections).
Can this generator operate while bypassing the heat recovery steam generator?
Indicates whether the generator uses carbon capture technology.
Name of the city.
Whether the generator can co-fire fuels.
County name.
The most recently updated effective date on which the generator is scheduled to start operation
Maturity of the source data published by EIA that is reflected in this record. EIA releases data incrementally over time, including monthly updates, annual year-to-date updates, provisional early releases of annual data, and final annual release data that is not expected to change further. Records sourced from multiple upstream EIA datasets may have no well defined data maturity. Records whose values have been inferred within PUDL will also have no data maturity.
Indicate whether the generator can deliver power to the transmission grid.
Whether the generator is considered distributed generation
Indicates whether the unit has duct-burners for supplementary firing of the turbine exhaust gas
Primary mode of transport for energy source 1.
Secondary mode of transport for energy source 1.
Tertiary mode of transport for energy source 1.
Primary mode of transport for energy source 2.
Secondary mode of transport for energy source 2.
Tertiary mode of transport for energy source 2.
The code representing the second most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator
The code representing the third most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator
The code representing the fourth most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator
The code representing the fifth most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator
The code representing the sixth most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator
Energy storage capacity in MWh (e.g. for batteries).
Indicates whether or not a generator is a qualifying FERC cogeneration facility.
Indicates whether the generator uses fluidized bed technology
A count of how many different simple energy sources there are associated with a generator.
Latitude of the plant's location, in degrees.
Longitude of the plant's location, in degrees.
The minimum load at which the generator can operate at continuosuly.
Whether the generator can burn multiple fuels.
The nameplate power factor of the generator.
Generation capacity in megawatts of direct current that is subject to a net metering agreement. Typically used for behind-the-meter solar PV.
Indicates whether a fuel switching generator can switch fuels while operating.
The operating status of the asset.
The date the generator was originally scheduled to be operational
Indicates whether the generator uses other combustion technologies
Planned effective date that the generator is scheduled to enter commercial operation after any other planned modification is complete.
Indicates whether there are there other modifications planned for the generator.
Whether any part of generator is owned by a nonutilty
Identifies the ownership for each generator.
Planned effective month that the generator is scheduled to enter operation after the derate modification.
New energy source code for the planned repowered generator.
Indicates whether there are any planned capacity uprates/derates, repowering, other modifications, or generator retirements scheduled for the next 5 years.
Decrease in summer capacity expected to be realized from the derate modification to the equipment.
Increase in summer capacity expected to be realized from the modification to the equipment.
Decrease in winter capacity expected to be realized from the derate modification to the equipment.
Increase in winter capacity expected to be realized from the uprate modification to the equipment.
The expected new namplate capacity for the generator.
New prime mover for the planned repowered generator.
Planned effective date that the generator is scheduled to enter operation after the repowering is complete.
Planned effective date that the generator is scheduled to enter operation after the uprate modification.
Indicates whether the generator was previously reported as indefinitely postponed or canceled
Indicates whether the generator uses pulverized coal technology
Reactive Power Output (MVAr)
The designation used to identify the price node in RTO/ISO Locational Marginal Price reports
The designation used to report the specific location of the wholesale sales transactions to FERC for the Electric Quarterly Report
Indicates whether the generator is part of a solid fuel gasification system
The code representing the first, second, third or fourth start-up and flame stabilization energy source used by the combustion unit(s) associated with this generator.
The code representing the first, second, third or fourth start-up and flame stabilization energy source used by the combustion unit(s) associated with this generator.
The code representing the first, second, third or fourth start-up and flame stabilization energy source used by the combustion unit(s) associated with this generator.
The code representing the first, second, third or fourth start-up and flame stabilization energy source used by the combustion unit(s) associated with this generator.
Two letter US state abbreviation.
Indicates whether the generator uses stoker technology
Physical street address.
Indicates whether the generator uses subcritical technology
Whether the summer capacity value was an estimate
The net summer capacity.
EIA estimated summer capacity (in MWh).
Indicates whether the generator uses supercritical technology
Whether the generator can switch between oil and natural gas.
Indicates whether standby generators (SB status) can be synchronized to the grid.
The minimum amount of time required to bring the unit to full load from shutdown.
IANA timezone name
If the generator is associated with a combined heat and power system, indicates whether the generator is part of a topping cycle or a bottoming cycle
Number of wind turbines, or hydrokinetic buoys.
Number of wind turbines, or hydrokinetic buoys.
Indicates whether the generator uses ultra-supercritical technology
The date when the uprate or derate was completed.
Was an uprate or derate completed on this generator during the reporting year?
Whether the winter capacity value was an estimate
The net winter capacity.
EIA estimated winter capacity (in MWh).
Five digit US Zip Code.
out_eia__yearly_generators_by_ownership
Annual time series of all EIA generators with ownership integrated.
- Most-recent data:
2026
- Processing:
Data has been expanded into a wide/denormalized format, with IDs and codes accompanied by human-readable names and descriptions.
- Source:
EIA -- Mix of multiple EIA Forms
- Primary key:
This table has no primary key. This table would have a primary key of the following columns, except there are ~200 records without utility IDs: ['plant_id_eia', 'generator_id', 'report_date', 'utility_id_eia', 'ownership_record_type'].
Usage Warnings
Some columns contain subtotals; use caution when choosing columns to aggregate.
Data has been drawn from several EIA sources which are not always consistent with each other, and PUDL chooses the most consistent or relevant value to facilitate cross-referencing even if that means some values will differ from the raw sources. See Harvesting for details, and see Entity Resolution Methodology for a fuller conceptual overview.
Contains information from multiple raw inputs.
Additional Details
Generators that report to EIA can have multiple utility owners. EIA reports the ownership fraction for each of the owners of generators (see core_eia860__scd_ownership). This table includes two records for each generator's owner: one record represents a total ownership stake and the other record represents a proportional ownership stake (the ownership_record_type column labeled as "total" and "owned" respectively). All of the values reported for these generator-owner records are scaled to the ownership stake (represented by fraction_owned).
This table was created to represent every possible version of ownership slices of the EIA generators. It is primarily used as an input to out_eia__yearly_plant_parts.
This table inherits canonicalized values for generators, plants, and utilities. EIA reports many attributes in many different tables across EIA-860 and EIA-923. In order to compile tidy, well-normalized database tables, PUDL collects all instances of these values and and chooses a canonical value. By default, PUDL chooses the most consistently reported value of a given attribute as long as it is at least 70% of the given instances reported. If an attribute was reported inconsistently across the original EIA tables, then it will show up as a null value. See /methodology/entity_resolution for a conceptual overview of this process.
Columns
The unique six-digit facility identification number, also called an ORISPL, assigned by the Energy Information Administration.
Generator ID is usually numeric, but sometimes includes letters. Make sure you treat it as a string!
Date reported.
Dynamically assigned PUDL unit id. WARNING: This ID is not guaranteed to be static long term as the input data and algorithm may evolve over time.
A manually assigned PUDL plant ID. May not be constant over time.
Plant name.
The EIA Utility Identification number.
A manually assigned PUDL utility ID. May not be stable over time.
The name of the utility.
High level description of the technology used by the generator to produce electricity.
The code representing the most predominant type of energy that fuels the generator.
Code for the type of prime mover (e.g. CT, CG)
Date the generator began commercial operation. If harvested values are inconsistent, we default to using the most recently reported date.
Date of the scheduled or effected retirement of the generator.
The operating status of the asset. For generators this is based on which tab the generator was listed in in EIA 860.
Total installed (nameplate) capacity, in megawatts.
Simplified fuel type code used in PUDL
Planned effective date of the scheduled retirement of the generator.
Fraction of potential generation that was actually reported for a plant part. Energy generated over time period / nameplate capacity * time period (hours/years/etc.).
Indicates the source of the values in the fuel_cost_per_mmbtu column. The fuel cost either comes directly from the EIA forms (original), was filled in from the EIA's API using state-level averages (eiaapi), was filled in using a rolling average (rolling_avg) or When the records get aggregated together and contain multiple sources (mixed).
Average fuel cost per MMBTU of heat content in nominal USD.
Derived from MCOE, a unit level value. Average fuel cost per MWh of heat content in nominal USD.
Fuel content per unit of electricity generated. Coming from MCOE calculation.
Net electricity generation for the specified period in megawatt-hours (MWh).
Total annual reported fuel costs for the plant part. Includes costs from all fuels.
Total annual heat content of fuel consumed by a plant part record in the plant parts list.
Name of FERC account, derived from technology description and prime mover code.
Year a generator went into service.
The operating status of the asset using PUDL categories.
Total end of year installed (nameplate) capacity for a plant part, in megawatts.
Proportion of generator ownership attributable to this utility.
Whether each generator record is for one owner or represents a total of all ownerships.
out_eia923__yearly_generation_fuel_by_generator
Annual time series of of estimated net generation and fuel consumption by generator.
- Most-recent data:
2024
- Processing:
Data has been expanded into a wide/denormalized format, with IDs and codes accompanied by human-readable names and descriptions.
- Source:
EIA Form 923 -- Power Plant Operations Report (Schedule 3)
- Primary key:
report_date, plant_id_eia, generator_id
Usage Warnings
Contains estimated values.
This downscaling process used to create this table does not distinguish between primary and secondary energy_sources for generators (see below for implications).
Date column arbitrarily uses the first of the month.
A small number of respondents only report annual fuel consumption, and all of it is reported in December.
Data has been drawn from several EIA sources which are not always consistent with each other, and PUDL chooses the most consistent or relevant value to facilitate cross-referencing even if that means some values will differ from the raw sources. See Harvesting for details, and see Entity Resolution Methodology for a fuller conceptual overview.
Contains information from multiple raw inputs.
Additional Details
Based on allocating net electricity generation and fuel consumption reported in the EIA-923 generation and generation_fuel tables to individual generators.
The net generation and fuel consumption allocation method PUDL employs begins with the following context of the originally reported EIA-860 and EIA-923 data:
The core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table is the authoritative source of information about how much generation and fuel consumption is attributable to an entire plant. This table has the most complete data coverage, but it is not the most granular data reported.
The core_eia923__monthly_generation table contains the most granular net generation data. It is reported at the plant_id_eia, generator_id and report_date level. This table includes only ~40% of the total MWhs reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
The core_eia923__monthly_boiler_fuel table contains the most granular fuel consumption data. It is reported at the boiler/prime mover/energy source level. This table includes only ~40% of the total MMBTUs reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
The core_eia860__scd_generators table provides an exhaustive list of all generators whose generation is being reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
In this table, PUDL aggregates the net generation and fuel consumption that has been allocated to the generator_id/energy_source_code/prime_mover_code level in the``out_eia923__yearly_generation_fuel_by_generator_energy_source`` to the generator level.This process does not distinguish between primary and secondary energy_sources for generators. Net generation is allocated equally between energy source codes, so if a plant has multiple generators with the same prime_mover_code but different energy source codes the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel records will be associated similarly between these two generators. Allocated net generation will still be proportional to each generator's net generation or capacity.
This table inherits canonicalized values for generators, plants, and utilities. EIA reports many attributes in many different tables across EIA-860 and EIA-923. In order to compile tidy, well-normalized database tables, PUDL collects all instances of these values and and chooses a canonical value. By default, PUDL chooses the most consistently reported value of a given attribute as long as it is at least 70% of the given instances reported. If an attribute was reported inconsistently across the original EIA tables, then it will show up as a null value. See /methodology/entity_resolution for a conceptual overview of this process.
Columns
Date reported.
The unique six-digit facility identification number, also called an ORISPL, assigned by the Energy Information Administration.
A manually assigned PUDL plant ID. May not be constant over time.
Plant name.
The EIA Utility Identification number.
A manually assigned PUDL utility ID. May not be stable over time.
The name of the utility.
Generator ID is usually numeric, but sometimes includes letters. Make sure you treat it as a string!
Dynamically assigned PUDL unit id. WARNING: This ID is not guaranteed to be static long term as the input data and algorithm may evolve over time.
Total consumption of fuel to produce electricity, in physical unit, year to date.
Total consumption of fuel in physical unit, year to date. Note: this is the total quantity consumed for both electricity and, in the case of combined heat and power plants, process steam production.
Net electricity generation for the specified period in megawatt-hours (MWh).
out_eia923__yearly_generation_fuel_by_generator_energy_source
Annual time series of of estimated net generation and fuel consumption associated with each combination of generator, energy source, and prime mover.
- Most-recent data:
2024
- Processing:
Data is ready for use in analyses, but for practical reasons has not been denormalized and remains in narrow format.
- Source:
EIA Form 923 -- Power Plant Operations Report (Schedule 3)
- Primary key:
report_date, plant_id_eia, generator_id, prime_mover_code, energy_source_code
Usage Warnings
Contains estimated values.
This downscaling process used to create this table does not distinguish between primary and secondary energy_sources for generators (see below for implications).
Date column arbitrarily uses the first of the month.
A small number of respondents only report annual fuel consumption, and all of it is reported in December.
Contains information from multiple raw inputs.
Additional Details
The net generation and fuel consumption allocation method PUDL employs begins with the following context of the originally reported EIA-860 and EIA-923 data:
The core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table is the authoritative source of information about how much generation and fuel consumption is attributable to an entire plant. This table has the most complete data coverage, but it is not the most granular data reported.
The core_eia923__monthly_generation table contains the most granular net generation data. It is reported at the plant_id_eia, generator_id and report_date level. This table includes only ~40% of the total MWhs reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
The core_eia923__monthly_boiler_fuel table contains the most granular fuel consumption data. It is reported at the boiler/prime mover/energy source level. This table includes only ~40% of the total MMBTUs reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
The core_eia860__scd_generators table provides an exhaustive list of all generators whose generation is being reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
In this table, PUDL has allocated the net electricity generation and fuel consumption from core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel to the generator_id/energy_source_code/prime_mover_code level.
The allocation process entails generating a fraction for each record based on the net generation in the core_eia923__monthly_generation table and the capacity from the core_eia860__scd_generators table. This process does not distinguish between primary and secondary energy_sources for generators. Net generation is allocated equally between energy source codes, so if a plant has multiple generators with the same prime_mover_code but different energy source codes the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel records will be associated similarly between these two generators. Allocated net generation will still be proportional to each generator's net generation or capacity.
Columns
Date reported.
The unique six-digit facility identification number, also called an ORISPL, assigned by the Energy Information Administration.
Generator ID is usually numeric, but sometimes includes letters. Make sure you treat it as a string!
Code for the type of prime mover (e.g. CT, CG)
A 2-3 letter code indicating the energy source (e.g. fuel type) associated with the record.
Name of the energy_source_code_N column that this energy source code was reported in for the generator referenced in the same record.
Net electricity generation for the specified period in megawatt-hours (MWh).
Total consumption of fuel in physical unit, year to date. Note: this is the total quantity consumed for both electricity and, in the case of combined heat and power plants, process steam production.
Total consumption of fuel to produce electricity, in physical unit, year to date.
out_eia923__yearly_generation_fuel_by_generator_energy_source_owner
Annual time series of of estimated net generation and fuel consumption for each generator, associated with each combination of generator, energy source, prime mover, and owner.
- Most-recent data:
2024
- Processing:
Data is ready for use in analyses, but for practical reasons has not been denormalized and remains in narrow format.
- Source:
EIA Form 923 -- Power Plant Operations Report (Schedule 3)
- Primary key:
report_date, plant_id_eia, generator_id, prime_mover_code, energy_source_code, utility_id_eia, ownership_record_type
Usage Warnings
Contains estimated values.
This downscaling process used to create this table does not distinguish between primary and secondary energy_sources for generators (see below for implications).
Date column arbitrarily uses the first of the month.
Data has been drawn from several EIA sources which are not always consistent with each other, and PUDL chooses the most consistent or relevant value to facilitate cross-referencing even if that means some values will differ from the raw sources. See Harvesting for details, and see Entity Resolution Methodology for a fuller conceptual overview.
Contains information from multiple raw inputs.
Additional Details
The net generation and fuel consumption allocation method PUDL employs begins with the following context of the originally reported EIA-860 and EIA-923 data:
The core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table is the authoritative source of information about how much generation and fuel consumption is attributable to an entire plant. This table has the most complete data coverage, but it is not the most granular data reported.
The core_eia923__monthly_generation table contains the most granular net generation data. It is reported at the plant_id_eia, generator_id and report_date level. This table includes only ~40% of the total MWhs reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
The core_eia923__monthly_boiler_fuel table contains the most granular fuel consumption data. It is reported at the boiler/prime mover/energy source level. This table includes only ~40% of the total MMBTUs reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
The core_eia860__scd_generators table provides an exhaustive list of all generators whose generation is being reported in the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel table.
In this table, PUDL has scaled the net electricity generation and fuel consumption from core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel by ownership from out_eia860__yearly_ownership. Note that the utility_id_eia in this table refers to the OWNER of the generator, not the operator.
This process does not distinguish between primary and secondary energy_sources for generators. Net generation is allocated equally between energy source codes, so if a plant has multiple generators with the same prime_mover_code but different energy source codes the core_eia923__monthly_generation_fuel records will be associated similarly between these two generators. Allocated net generation will still be proportional to each generator's net generation or capacity.
This table inherits canonicalized values for generators and plants. EIA reports many attributes in many different tables across EIA-860 and EIA-923. In order to compile tidy, well-normalized database tables, PUDL collects all instances of these values and and chooses a canonical value. By default, PUDL chooses the most consistently reported value of a given attribute as long as it is at least 70% of the given instances reported. If an attribute was reported inconsistently across the original EIA tables, then it will show up as a null value. See /methodology/entity_resolution for a conceptual overview of this process.
Columns
Date reported.
The unique six-digit facility identification number, also called an ORISPL, assigned by the Energy Information Administration.
Generator ID is usually numeric, but sometimes includes letters. Make sure you treat it as a string!
Code for the type of prime mover (e.g. CT, CG)
A 2-3 letter code indicating the energy source (e.g. fuel type) associated with the record.
The EIA Utility Identification number.
Whether each generator record is for one owner or represents a total of all ownerships.
Proportion of generator ownership attributable to this utility.
Total installed (nameplate) capacity, in megawatts.
Name of the energy_source_code_N column that this energy source code was reported in for the generator referenced in the same record.
Net electricity generation for the specified period in megawatt-hours (MWh).
Total consumption of fuel in physical unit, year to date. Note: this is the total quantity consumed for both electricity and, in the case of combined heat and power plants, process steam production.
Total consumption of fuel to produce electricity, in physical unit, year to date.