out_eia930__hourly_operations

package: pudl

Hourly time series of balancing authority net generation, interchange, and demand with imputed demand.

Most-recent data:

2026

Processing:

Data is ready for use in analyses, but for practical reasons has not been denormalized and remains in narrow format.

Source:

EIA Form 930 -- Hourly and Daily Balancing Authority Operations Report

Primary key:

datetime_utc, balancing_authority_code_eia

Usage Warnings

  • Contains rows where missing values were imputed.

  • This table is experimental and/or a work in progress and may change in the future.

Additional Details

This table is based on core_eia930__hourly_operations, but adds imputed demand where the original data was missing or anomalous. Codes explaining why values have been imputed can be found in the core_pudl__codes_imputation_reasons table.

Columns
datetime_utc

Date and time converted to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

balancing_authority_code_eia

EIA short code identifying a balancing authority. May include Canadian and Mexican BAs.

net_generation_reported_mwh

Unaltered originally reported net generation for the specified period.

net_generation_adjusted_mwh

Reported net generation adjusted by EIA to reflect non-physical commercial transfers through pseudo-ties and dynamic scheduling.

net_generation_imputed_eia_mwh

Reported net generation with outlying values removed and missing values imputed by EIA.

interchange_reported_mwh

Original reported energy interchange between adjacent balancing authorities.

interchange_adjusted_mwh

Energy interchange between adjacent balancing authorities, adjusted by EIA to reflect non-physical commercial transfers through pseudo-ties and dynamic scheduling.

interchange_imputed_eia_mwh

Energy interchange between adjacent balancing authorities, with outliers and missing values imputed by EIA.

demand_reported_mwh

Originally reported electricity demand, calculated by taking the net generation within the BA and subtracting the interchange with adjacent BAs.

demand_adjusted_mwh

Electricity demand adjusted by EIA to reflect non-physical commercial transfers through pseudo-ties and dynamic scheduling.

demand_imputed_pudl_mwh

Electricity demand calculated by subtracting BA interchange from net generation, with outliers and missing values imputed in PUDL.

demand_imputed_pudl_mwh_imputation_code

Code describing why a demand value was flagged for imputation.

demand_imputed_eia_mwh

Electricity demand calculated by subtracting BA interchange from net generation, with outliers and missing values imputed by EIA.

demand_forecast_mwh

Day ahead demand forecast.