core_ferceqr__contracts

package: pudl
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Contains information about contracts between companies selling and buying electricity market products.

Most-recent data:

2026q1

Processing:

Data has been cleaned and organized into well-modeled tables that serve as building blocks for downstream wide tables and analyses.

Source:

FERC Form 920 -- Electric Quarterly Report (EQR)

Primary key:

This table has no primary key. The FERC EQR contracts table has no natural primary key.

Usage Warnings

  • This table is experimental and/or a work in progress and may change in the future.

  • FERC data is notoriously difficult to extract cleanly, and often contains free-form strings, non-labeled total rows and lack of IDs. See Notable Irregularities for details.

Columns
year_quarter

Year-quarter corresponding to record. Formatted like YYYYq{1-4}.

seller_company_id_ferc

The Company Identifier (CID) obtained through FERC's Company Registration system corresponding to the selling company.

contract_unique_id

An identifier beginning with the letter “C” and followed by a number (e.g., 'C1', 'C2') used to designate a record containing contract information. Note that these contract IDs may only be unique within the context of a particular seller, seller-buyer pair, or timeframe. FERC documentation of the field is limited.

seller_company_name

The name of the company that is authorized to make sales as indicated in the company’s FERC tariff(s) or that is required to file the EQR under section 220 of the Federal Power Act. This name must match the name provided as seller_company_name in the core_ferceqr__quarterly_identity table. There are a handful of cases in which this requirement is violated, so any joins between tables should rely on company_id_ferc, not the company names.

customer_company_name

The name of the purchaser of contract products and services. Unlike the seller_company_name this name is not guaranteed to match a name in the core_ferceqr__quarterly_identity name. In addition, the same customer company may appear with different names in different contracts and transactions, since this field is an unconstrained string chosen by the seller.

contract_affiliate

If True, this field indicates the customer is an affiliate of the seller. The customer is an affiliate if it controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the seller. This includes a division that operates as a functional unit. A customer of a seller who is an Exempt Wholesale Generator may be defined as an affiliate under the Public Utility Holding Company Act and the FPA.

ferc_tariff_reference

The FERC tariff reference cites the document that specifies the terms and conditions under which a Seller is authorized to make transmission sales, power sales or sales of related jurisdictional services at cost-based rates or at market-based rates. If the sales are market-based, the tariff that is specified in the FERC order granting the Seller Market Based Rate Authority must be listed. If a non-public utility does not have a FERC Tariff Reference, it should enter “NPU” for the FERC Tariff Reference.

contract_service_agreement_id

Unique identifier given to each service agreement that can be used by the Seller to produce the agreement, if requested. The identifier may be the number assigned by FERC for those service agreements that have been filed with and accepted by the Commission, or it may be generated as part of an internal identification system.

contract_execution_date

The date the contract was signed. If the parties signed on different dates, use the most recent date signed.

commencement_date_of_contract_term

The date the terms of the contract reported in fields 18, 23 and 25 through 44 (as defined in the data dictionary) became effective. If those terms became effective on multiple dates (i.e., due to one or more amendments), the date to be reported in this field is the date the most recent amendment became effective. If the contract or the most recent reported amendment does not have an effective date, the date when service began pursuant to the contract or most recent reported amendment may be used. If the terms reported in fields 18, 23 and 25 through 44 have not been amended since January 1, 2009, the initial date the contract became effective (or absent an effective date the initial date when service began) may be used.

contract_termination_date

The date that the contract expires.

actual_termination_date

The date the contract actually terminates.

extension_provision_description

Description of terms that provide for the continuation of the contract.

class_name

F - Firm: For transmission sales, a service or product that always has priority over non-firm service. For power sales, a service or product that is not interruptible for economic reasons. NF - Non-firm: For transmission sales, a service that is reserved and/or scheduled on an as-available basis and is subject to curtailment or interruption at a lesser priority compared to Firm service. For an energy sale, a service or product for which delivery or receipt of the energy may be interrupted for any reason or no reason, without liability on the part of either the buyer or seller. UP - Unit Power Sale: Designates a dedicated sale of energy and capacity from one or more than one specified generation unit(s). N/A: To be used only when the other available Class Names do not apply.

term_name

Contracts with durations of one year or greater are long-term (LT). Contracts with shorter durations are short-term (ST).

increment_name

5: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for more than 0 minutes and less than or equal to 5 minutes (> 0 and ≤ 5 minutes). 15: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for more than 5 minutes and less than or equal to 15 minutes (> 5 and ≤ 15 minutes). H: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for more than 15 minutes and less than or equal to 6 hours (> 15 minutes and ≤ 6 hours). D: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for more than 6 and up to 60 hours (> 6 and ≤ 60 hours). W: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for over 60 hours and up to 168 hours (> 60 and ≤ 168 hours). M: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for more than 168 hours up to, but not including, one year (> 168 hours and < 1 year). Y: Terms of the contract (if specifically noted in the contract) set for one year or more (≥ 1 year). N/A: Terms of the contract do not specify an increment.

increment_peaking_name

FP: The product described may be sold during those hours designated as on-peak and off-peak at the point of delivery. OP: The product described may be sold only during those hours designated as off-peak at the point of delivery. P: The product described may be sold only during those hours designated as on-peak at the point of delivery. N/A: To be used only when the increment peaking name is not specified in the contract.

product_type_name

CB: Energy, capacity or ancillary services sold under a FERC-approved cost-based rate tariff. CR: An agreement under which a transmission provider sells, assigns or transfers all or portion of its rights to an eligible customer. CR-AD: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Atlantic Daylight time. CR-AP: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Atlantic Prevailing time. CR-AS: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Atlantic Standard time. CR-CD: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Central Daylight time. CR-CP: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Central Prevailing time. CR-CS: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Central Standard time. CR-ED: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Eastern Daylight time. CR-EP: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Eastern Prevailing time. CR-ES: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Eastern Standard time. CR-MD: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Mountain Daylight time. CR-MP: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Mountain Prevailing time. CR-MS: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Mountain Standard time. CR-PD: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Pacific Daylight time. CR-PP: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Pacific Prevailing time. CR-PS: Transmission capacity reassignments reported in Pacific Standard time. MB: Energy, capacity or ancillary services sold under the seller’s FERC-approved market-based rate tariff. T: The product is sold under a FERC-approved transmission tariff. NPU: The product is sold by a non-public utility that is required to file the EQR under section 220 of the Federal Power Act. OTHER: The product cannot be characterized by the other product type names.

product_name

Description of product being offered. Note that allowed values differ slightly from those in core_ferceqr__transactions. BLACK START SERVICE: Service available after a system-wide blackout where a generator participates in system restoration activities without the availability of an outside electric supply (Ancillary Service). CAPACITY: A quantity of demand that is charged on a $/KW or $/MW basis. CUSTOMER CHARGE: Fixed contractual charges assessed on a per customer basis that could include billing service. DIRECT ASSIGNMENT FACILITIES CHARGE: Charges for facilities or portions of facilities that are constructed or used for the sole use/benefit of a particular customer. EMERGENCY ENERGY: Contractual provisions to supply energy or capacity to another entity during critical situations. ENERGY: A quantity of electricity that is sold or transmitted over a period of time. ENERGY IMBALANCE: Service provided when a difference occurs between the scheduled and the actual delivery of energy to a load obligation (Ancillary Service). For Contracts, reported if the contract provides for sale of the product. For Transactions, sales by third-party providers (i.e., non-transmission function) are reported. EXCHANGE: Transaction whereby the receiver accepts delivery of energy for a supplier’s account and returns energy at times, rates, and in amounts as mutually agreed if the receiver is not an RTO/ISO. FUEL CHARGE: Charge based on the cost or amount of fuel used for generation. GENERATOR IMBALANCE: Service provided when a difference occurs between the output of a generator located in the Transmission Provider’s Control Area and a delivery schedule from that generator to (1) another Control Area or (2) a load within the Transmission Provider’s Control Area over a single hour (Ancillary Service). For Contracts, reported if the contract provides for sale of the product. For Transactions, sales by third-party providers (i.e., non-transmission function) are reported. GRANDFATHERED BUNDLED: Services provided for bundled transmission, ancillary services and energy under contracts effective prior to Order No. 888’s OATTs. INTERCONNECTION AGREEMENT: Contract that provides the terms and conditions for a generator, distribution system owner, transmission owner, transmission provider, or transmission system to physically connect to a transmission system or distribution system. MEMBERSHIP AGREEMENT: Agreement to participate and be subject to rules of a system operator. MUST RUN AGREEMENT: An agreement that requires a unit to run. NEGOTIATED-RATE TRANSMISSION: Transmission performed under a negotiated rate contract (applies only to merchant transmission companies). NETWORK: Transmission service under contract providing network service. NETWORK OPERATING AGREEMENT: An executed agreement that contains the terms and conditions under which a network customer operates its facilities and the technical and operational matters associated with the implementation of network integration transmission service. OTHER: Product name not otherwise included. POINT-TO-POINT AGREEMENT: Transmission service under contract between specified Points of Receipt and Delivery. PRIMARY FREQUENCY RESPONSE: Service provided as a stand-by resource to support autonomous, pre-programmed changes in output to rapidly arrest large changes in frequency until dispatched resources can take over. REACTIVE SUPPLY & VOLTAGE CONTROL: Production or absorption of reactive power to maintain voltage levels on transmission systems (Ancillary Service). REAL POWER TRANSMISSION LOSS: The loss of energy, resulting from transporting power over a transmission system. REASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT: Transmission capacity reassignment agreement. REGULATION & FREQUENCY RESPONSE: Service providing for continuous balancing of resources (generation and interchange) with load, and for maintaining scheduled interconnection frequency by committing on-line generation where output is raised or lowered and by other non-generation resources capable of providing this service as necessary to follow the moment-by-moment changes in load (Ancillary Service). For Contracts, reported if the contract provides for sale of the product. For Transactions, sales by third-party providers (i.e., non-transmission function) are reported. REQUIREMENTS SERVICE: Firm, load-following power supply necessary to serve a specified share of customer’s aggregate load during the term of the agreement. Requirements service may include some or all of the energy, capacity and ancillary service products. SCHEDULE SYSTEM CONTROL & DISPATCH: Scheduling, confirming and implementing an interchange schedule with other Balancing Authorities, including intermediary Balancing Authorities providing transmission service, and ensuring operational security during the interchange transaction (Ancillary Service). SPINNING RESERVE: Unloaded synchronized generating capacity that is immediately responsive to system frequency and that is capable of being loaded in a short time period or non-generation resources capable of providing this service (Ancillary Service). For Contracts, reported if the contract provides for sale of the product. For Transactions, sales by third-party providers (i.e., non-transmission function) are reported. SUPPLEMENTAL RESERVE: Service needed to serve load in the event of a system contingency, available with greater delay than SPINNING RESERVE. This service may be provided by generating units that are on-line but unloaded, by quick-start generation, or by interruptible load or other non-generation resources capable of providing this service (Ancillary Service). For Contracts, reported if the contract provides for sale of the product. For Transactions, sales by third-party providers (i.e., non-transmission function) are reported. SYSTEM OPERATING AGREEMENTS: An executed agreement that contains the terms and conditions under which a system or network customer shall operate its facilities and the technical and operational matters associated with the implementation of network. TOLLING ENERGY: Energy sold from a plant whereby the buyer provides fuel to a generator (seller) and receives power in return for pre-established fees. TRANSMISSION OWNERS AGREEMENT: The agreement that establishes the terms and conditions under which a transmission owner transfers operational control over designated transmission facilities. UPLIFT: A make-whole payment by an RTO/ISO to a utility.

quantity

Quantity for the contract product identified.

units

Measure stated in the contract for the product sold.

rate

The charge for the product per unit as stated in the contract.

rate_minimum

Minimum rate to be charged per the contract, if a range is specified.

rate_maximum

Maximum rate to be charged per the contract, if a range is specified.

rate_description

Text description of rate. If the rate is currently available on the FERC website, a citation of the FERC Accession Number and the relevant FERC tariff including page number or section may be included instead of providing the entire rate algorithm. If the rate is not available on the FERC website, include the rate algorithm, if rate is calculated. If the algorithm would exceed the 300 character field limit, it may be provided in a descriptive summary (including bases and methods of calculations) with a detailed citation of the relevant FERC tariff including page number and section.

rate_units

Measure stated in the contract for the product sold. FERC EQR.

point_of_receipt_balancing_authority

The registered Balancing Authority (formerly called NERC Control Area) where service begins for a transmission or transmission-related jurisdictional sale. The Balancing Authority will be identified with the abbreviation used in OASIS applications. If receipt occurs at a trading hub, the term 'Hub' should be used.

point_of_receipt_specific_location

The specific location at which the product is received if designated in the contract. If receipt occurs at a trading hub, a standardized hub name must be used. If more points of receipt are listed in the contract than can fit into the 50 character space, a description of the collection of points may be used. 'Various' alone, is unacceptable unless the contract itself uses that terminology.

point_of_delivery_balancing_authority

The registered Balancing Authority (formerly called NERC Control Area) where a jurisdictional product is delivered and/or service ends for a transmission or transmission-related jurisdictional sale. The Balancing Authority will be identified with the abbreviation used in OASIS applications. If delivery occurs at the interconnection of two control areas, the control area that the product is entering should be used. If delivery occurs at a trading hub, the term 'Hub' should be used.

point_of_delivery_specific_location

The specific location at which the product is delivered if designated in the contract. If receipt occurs at a trading hub, a standardized hub name must be used.

begin_date

First date and time for the sale of the product at the rate specified.

end_date

Last date and time for the sale of the product at the rate specified.